Liberia is a country on the west coast of Africa, bordered by Sierra Leone, Guinea, Ivory Coast and the Atlantic Ocean. It covers 111,369 square kilometers (43,000 square miles) and has a population of approximately three and a half million. Liberia has a hot equatorial climate with a rainy season from May to September and a dry season from October through April.
Liberia became a nation in 1847, when freed slaves from the United States formed a government based on that of the United States, naming their capital city after James Monroe, the fifth president of the United States.
The Liberian government was overthrown by a military-led coup in 1980, which marked the beginning of a period of instability and civil war that left hundreds of thousands of people dead and the country's economy devastated. Today, Liberia is recovering, and despite its lack of adequate infrastructure and poverty, it has experienced economic growth.
The United National Mission in Liberia was established in September 2003 to support the implementation of the ceasefire agreement and the peace process. Approximately 15,000 UN troops remain there today.
Helen Johnson Sirleaf was elected President of Liberia in 2005 and took office on Jan. 16, 2006. She is Africa's first elected female head of state.